A functional test (FCT) is the final process in manufacturing, it provides a pass or fails result on finished PCBs before they are shipped. Its purpose in manufacturing is to validate that product hardware is free of defects that could adversely affect the product’s functionality in a system application. FCT verifies a PCB’s functionality and its behavior. It is important to emphasize that the requirements of functional tests, their development, and procedures vary widely from PCB to PCB and system to system. A functional tester typically interfaces to the PCB under test via its edge connector or a test-probe point. This testing simulates the final electrical environment in which the PCB will be used.